Cataract: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Dr. Nikhil Singh, Anaesthesia, MBBS, MD
Last reviewed: 25 Aug 2026 · How we review health content
A cataract is a clouding of the eye’s natural lens that gradually blurs vision. It is very common with age and is treated effectively with cataract surgery, in which the cloudy lens is replaced with an intraocular lens (IOL).
What Causes Cataract?
- Ageing (the most common cause)
- Diabetes
- Prolonged use of certain medication such as steroids
- Eye injury or previous eye surgery
- Excessive exposure to sunlight (UV)
Common Symptoms
- Blurred or cloudy vision
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Sensitivity to light and glare
- Fading or yellowing of colours
- Frequent changes in spectacle power
How Cataract Is Treated
There is no medication that clears a cataract; surgery is the definitive treatment. Modern cataract surgery (phacoemulsification) removes the cloudy lens and replaces it with an IOL, usually as a day-care procedure. Discuss the lens options with an eye specialist.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is cataract surgery safe?
Cataract surgery is one of the most commonly performed and well-established eye procedures. As with any surgery, your eye specialist will explain the benefits and any risks for your situation.
Which lens (IOL) should I choose?
Options range from standard monofocal lenses to multifocal and toric lenses. The right choice depends on your eyes, lifestyle and budget, and is decided with your eye specialist.
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Medical Disclaimer
The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read in this article.
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Cataract surgery is one of the most commonly performed and well-established eye procedures. As with any surgery, your eye specialist will explain the benefits and any risks for your situation.
Options range from standard monofocal lenses to multifocal and toric lenses. The right choice depends on your eyes, lifestyle and budget, and is decided with your eye specialist.
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Dr. Nikhil Singh
Anaesthesia, MBBS, MD
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Written by Dr. Nikhil Singh
Anaesthesia, MBBS, MD
Last reviewed: 25 August 2026
Medical Disclaimer
The content provided on Zospital is for general informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your doctor or emergency services immediately.
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